When you search in Vim the results are highlighted
if the highlighting colour is wrong you cannot read the text.
There are two sets of default colour maps: One for a light and another one for a dark background.
If you have a black background, use the following command to get a better colour map for syntax highlighting:
:set background=dark
Likewise if you have a light background you would want to use the following command to get a better colour scheme for the highlighter.
:set background=light
These commands can either be run inside of vim by going into command mode and entering them.
or you can add them to your .vimrc file