In recent years, the field of neurofeedback has witnessed remarkable advancements, revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain and its potential for growth and healing. A key enabler of these advancements has been the Linux operating system, a powerful and versatile platform that has played a pivotal role in the evolution of neurofeedback technologies. In this blog post, we explore how Linux has benefited the field of neurofeedback, empowering researchers, clinicians, and individuals alike to delve deeper into the intricacies of the human mind.
Open Source Flexibility:
One of the greatest advantages of Linux in the context of neurofeedback is its open-source nature. Linux's open-source philosophy has fostered a community of developers and enthusiasts dedicated to collaborating and sharing knowledge. This openness has allowed researchers and clinicians to access a vast array of software tools specifically designed for neurofeedback analysis, data processing, and visualization. The Linux ecosystem offers an extensive range of neuroimaging software, such as AFNI, FSL, and EEGLAB, providing powerful tools for brainwave analysis, functional connectivity mapping, and signal processing.
Stability and Performance:
Linux has long been hailed for its stability and performance, making it an ideal operating system for demanding neurofeedback applications. When dealing with real-time neurofeedback processes, where precise timing and accuracy are crucial, Linux's robustness ensures minimal latency and system crashes. This reliability is invaluable for neurofeedback researchers and clinicians, as it allows them to focus on the data and analysis without worrying about system instability or interruptions.
Customization and Scalability:
Linux's flexibility and scalability have opened up new possibilities for developing customized neurofeedback solutions tailored to specific research or clinical requirements. Researchers and clinicians can create their own Linux-based neurofeedback systems by selecting and integrating the necessary hardware components, such as EEG devices, biofeedback sensors, or brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), with the operating system. This level of customization enables greater control over the neurofeedback process, enhancing experimental design and improving the overall quality of research outcomes.
Community Support and Collaboration:
The Linux community is renowned for its vibrant and supportive nature, fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing among users and developers. Neurofeedback researchers and clinicians have greatly benefited from this collaborative environment. Online forums, discussion boards, and specialized user groups provide avenues for troubleshooting, sharing best practices, and exchanging ideas related to Linux-based neurofeedback. This community-driven support network facilitates continuous improvement and innovation within the field.
Cost-Effectiveness:
Linux's cost-effectiveness has played a significant role in expanding the reach of neurofeedback technologies. Linux-based operating systems are often available for free, eliminating the need for expensive licensing fees associated with proprietary software. This accessibility has democratized neurofeedback, making it more affordable for researchers, clinicians, and even individuals interested in exploring neurofeedback for personal growth or well-being. Additionally, Linux's compatibility with a wide range of hardware platforms allows for cost-effective hardware configurations without sacrificing performance or reliability.
Conclusion:
Linux has emerged as a catalyst for progress within the field of neurofeedback, empowering researchers, clinicians, and individuals to harness the transformative power of the human brain. Its open-source nature, stability, customization options, and cost-effectiveness have revolutionized the way neurofeedback research is conducted, opening up new horizons for understanding and optimizing brain function. As Linux continues to evolve, it holds the promise of further enhancing the field of neurofeedback and paving the way for groundbreaking discoveries that will shape our understanding of the human mind for years to come.
Backing up the FACLs
Many a times, the backup software may not copy the metadata related to the FACL on the files. In that case you may want to backup the FACL information on the files. Now, the FACL on all the files in a directory (including all sub directories) can be copied in a single file.
# cd /accounts
# getfacl -R * > accounts_facl ( -R -> recursive )
Restoring the FACLs
When you restore the files in /accounts directory, you would have to restore the FACLs associated with the files in that direcotry. TO do that use the FACL backup file accounts_facl along with the –restore option :
If you've just upgraded your linux distribution and you get the following error message when trying to start a VM using Vmware workstation 14 player
“not enough physical memory available to start this VM”
Do the following to patch your Vmware workstation player to work with the latest Linux Kernel
This is sometimes required after a Kernel upgrade and the built in VMware player models update doesn't work.
simply uninstalling and reinstalling vmwareplayer makes it usable again.
"Consciousness determines existence"
"Nothing exists in the physical world unless a conscious mind observes it"
The human brain is a perfect quantum computer, and your consciousness is information stored at the quantum level. Where particle matter is physically entangled with other particles in the universe.(possibly even the multiverse) It is therefore quite plausible that your consciousness can exist after death.
After the death of the body, quantum information carried by consciousness merges with our universe and can exist infinitely in it. It is plausible that your consciousness can migrate to another universe or to another place in this one Instantantly, much faster than the speed of light.
Quantum Mechanics is needed to explain the phenomenon of consciousness.
Scientists claim to have found a possible carrier of consciousness. These elements are located inside neuronal microtubules. These microtubules have been attributed to the simple role of providing support as well as a transport mechanism to quantum elements inside living cells. Based on their structure, these microtubules are perfect to act as the transport medium for quantum particles inside the brain. That is likely due to the fact that they are capable of maintaining quantum states for a long time, meaning they can perform a role inside a quantum computer. similar to that of fibre optic networks that carry data between computers. consciousness resides at the quantum level, The entire body is a conduit and a collaborator with consciousness as a feedback loop.
Watch the below two short videos explaining the double-slit experiment before continuing. (you will find them fascinating)
Double slit experiment explained:
the second video explains and illustrates the double-slit experiment:
Quantum physics suggests that our observation of the universe is related to the awareness that an electron appears to show in the wave/particle duality (double slit experiment).
We see the world and the universe from our point of reference. We are the monitoring equipment in the double-slit experiment. When seen through our eyes, the universe follows Einsteins' wave-like behaviour, however, our eyes as an instrument are only capable of receiving reflections of light in its wave-like state and everything we observe follows strictly the laws of nature and relativity. Our presence and observation capability is paramount in how the universe is perceived. However when we are not present, IE we Die. our reality ceases to exist and without an observer, the universe which is made up of particles is in a quantum superposition state, as there is no point of reference. The light waves do not have an instrument to measure or see them. The monitoring equipment is switched off. Light is made up of entangled photons and exists as energy in a particle-based multiverse in a quantum superposition state. Your consciousness therefore must exist for the universe to continue to exist and therefore your consciousness can be transported anywhere in the universe or multiverse instantaneously. When you have lost your point of reference, IE your Body, eyes, ears etc.
When you die your consciousness is Quantized.
Now watch the following short video before continuing.
Our universe is not only limited to the three dimensions. In fact, new theories hypothesise that there are multiple dimensions. (there could be an unlimited amount) Many of the natural phenomena happening within our universe transcend our known three dimensions. Therefore, we should not assume that the mechanisms of operation of the brain and consciousness are imprisoned within the confines of our three-dimensional universe.
Watch the following video..
Watch the following documentary:
Quantum Entanglement.
The idea of quantum entanglement is that two particles can be intimately associated with one another even if they are separated by billions of light-years of space. A change brought about in one particle will have an effect on the other one. And amazingly these changes can occur instantaneously! This theory is completely incompatible with the known theory of Albert Einstein, specifically the theory that information cannot travel faster than the speed of light. But it opens up huge theoretical possibilities for interstellar space travel and exploration, teleportation and even a better understanding of the multiverse.
"If you are not Astonished by Quantum mechanics, then you have not understood it "
Niels Bohr
Pay attention to the teleportation part of the following video at the 18:27 mark
In Einstein's theory of relativity, time is relative to your position in space. And the faster you travel towards the speed of light, the time slows down for you compared to when you were not in motion, as demonstrated in the
However you the observer will not notice the slow down in time, as space-time is always constant and relative to you. Time has continued to be exactly the same from your point of reference. IE in your reality.
But since two different states of time now exist. IE the two different clocks in the Hafele Keating experiment display different times. What has changed? The point of observation has changed. Understand that these are two different realities. Reality is 100% subjective and only exists to its observer. Reality cannot exist independently on its own.
Space-time according to Einsteins' theory is a Smooth Continuum. eg light is described as a wave and its speed is constant in all directions, from any observer's view. This in itself is incompatible with the theory of relativity because the speed of any moving object is always relative to the observer.
in Quantum mechanics Space and time is Quantized, meaning no relativity exists, but everything is made up of particles that are interconnected, and the mere observation of the particles disrupts their quantum state.
The Light Cone
The concept of the observer's light cone is explained using a Minkowski diagram, which integrates space and time mathematically into a four-dimensional manifold. The observer's experience of simultaneity is their light cone, and different observers have different light cones and unique perspectives on spacetime. The past light cone represents what we see in space at any instant in time, and the future light cone represents the region of spacetime that the observer can influence through normal causality. The hypersurface of the present and light cones are dynamic and change continuously.
Scientists have teleported particles using particle entanglement. The quantum state of particle A is transmitted from position one to position two between two entangled particles. Once the quantum state of particle A is rebuilt in position two, particle A is then destroyed from position one.
So in theory if every single particle in your body can be entangled, copied and rebuilt instantaneously to a position a billion light years away. This will include your memories and your consciousness which remember is simply information stored at the quantum level.
What then happens if Particle A in position one is not destroyed. Then you would be existing in two places at the same time! and would have two different points of reference. two different observation points and two separate realities.
Which is nearly impossible to comprehend since which reality would you be conscious of? Einstein's theory of relativity simply does not allow for this extraordinary, astonishing possibility. Einstein's theory of relativity needs to have something to be relative to, there must be at least one reality for relativity to work. But Reality can not exist independently. It always needs a single point of reference, hence without reality, there can be no relativity. The two aren't mutually exclusive.
"Nothing exists in the universe unless a live, conscious mind observes it" Quantum mechanics does. not have this dilemma. subatomic particles (Photons) exist without being observed. , and the multi-world possibility now not only becomes probable but even obvious.
Every living thing's reality is different. Eg an Ant's reality is completely different to yours, A tree to an Ant is not the same tree that it is to you. A more advanced race might see more to a tree than what we see. A tree may give off vibrations that we do not have the instruments to receive and interpret them with, as we in comparison are limited to the functions of our primitive eyes. But an advanced race could easily have an eye that is better and more advanced than ours, with many more functions, that can receive and make sense of these vibrations. When we let go of our reality IE when we die, it is at that moment that our consciousness is Quantized, and in its quantum state and only whilst it is not being observed, it is capable of being in multiple places at the same time. It is capable of travelling billions of light years in an instant, It is capable of travelling through obstacles, it is capable of all this and more. Your consciousness is on steroids. your consciousness now one with the singular cosmic consciousness. You see, if there was no Cosmic consciousness, our universe would not exist.
The same way that the individual cells in your body collectively make up your consciousness. you will one day be part of the collective cosmic consciousness. rather than produced by the brain, consciousness may be a fundamental force of the universe, like gravity or mass. In this way, consciousness came into being when the universe began and exists everywhere and in everything.
consciousness exists in the cosmic ether at the quantum level, outside the brain, and the function of the brain may be to ‘pick up’ consciousness, like a radio receiver, and then to ‘channel’ it into our individual organism.
since we’re all individual beings enclosed in our bodies, and the primary aim of our lives is to sustain our own well-being. It makes no sense for us to put the well-being of others before our own, or to go out of our way to help strangers or members of other species. But if there is a cosmic consciousness, then in a sense it’s something we all share, or participate in. It’s, therefore, possible for us to empathise with other people, to experience their own sufferings as if they are our own, and to feel a desire to alleviate them. In a sense, other people’s sufferings are our own.
"Nothing exists in the physical world unless a conscious mind observes it."
Documentary on Einstein and Bohr's incompatibilities.
"A human being is a part of a whole, called by us "universe", a part limited in time and space. He experiences himself, his thoughts and feelings as something separated from the rest... a kind of optical delusion of his consciousness. This delusion is a kind of prison for us, restricting us to our personal desires and to affection for a few persons nearest to us. Our task must be to free ourselves from this prison by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature in its beauty." -- Albert Einstein
Connect to vCenter Server using the vSphere Client
Right-click the virtual machine and click Edit Settings.
Click Network adapter and note the MAC Address.
For example, you see a MAC Address similar to:
00:50:56:86:00:00
Power on the Linux virtual machine.
Open a console and log in as root.
Change directory to etc/sysconfig/network-scripts.
Edit ifcfg-eth0 and update the MAC address to reflect the MAC address in Step 1
Edit /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules and update the MAC address to reflect the MAC address in Step 1
Activate the ethernet card by running this command:
Fedora/CentOS7 / RHEL 7 are completely systemd based, So on these versions of Linux we need to use systemd commands to disable firewalld and enable iptables
Disable Firewalld Service.
# systemctl mask firewalld
Stop Firewalld Service.
# systemctl stop firewalld
Install iptables service related packages.
# yum -y install iptables-services
Make sure service starts at boot:
# systemctl enable iptables
If you do not want ip6tables, You can skip following command
# systemctl enable ip6tables
start the iptables services.
# systemctl start iptables
If you do not want ip6tables, You can skip following command.
# systemctl start ip6tables
Firewalld Service is now disabled, You can use iptables.
yum install screen
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=================================================================================
Installing:
screen i686 4.0.3-16.el6 rhel-6-server-rpms 484 k
Installed:
screen.i686 0:4.0.3-16.el6
Complete!
Next, identify the transaction ID that we want to 'undo'
type
yum history
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, subscription-manager
Updating Red Hat repositories.
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 | root | 2011-10-03 14:40 | Install | 1
7 | root | 2011-09-21 04:24 | Install | 1 ##
6 | root | 2011-09-21 04:23 | Install | 1 ##
5 | root | 2011-09-16 13:35 | Install | 1
4 | root | 2011-09-16 13:33 | Erase | 1
3 | root | 2011-09-14 14:36 | Install | 1
2 | root | 2011-09-12 15:48 | I, U | 80
1 | System | 2011-09-12 14:57 | Install | 1025
The transaction ID we are interested in is '8', so move forward with undo step. If want to see additional information to verify this is transaction interested in, use yum history info 8 prior to doing the undo
yum history undo 8
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, subscription-manager
Updating Red Hat repositories.
Undoing transaction 8, from Mon Oct 3 14:40:01 2011
Install screen-4.0.3-16.el6.i686
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package screen.i686 0:4.0.3-16.el6 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Removing:
screen i686 4.0.3-16.el6 @rhel-6-server-rpms 783 k
start ,search and type:- cmd, right click on returned cmd.exe and select "run as administrator" at the prompt type:-
net localgroup Administrators /add networkservice
press enter then type: net localgroup Administrators /add localservice
press enter then type: exit
press enter and restart your computer
Open services and make sure the service is started.
When you search in Vim the results are highlighted
if the highlighting colour is wrong you cannot read the text.
There are two sets of default colour maps: One for a light and another one for a dark background.
If you have a black background, use the following command to get a better colour map for syntax highlighting:
:set background=dark
Likewise if you have a light background you would want to use the following command to get a better colour scheme for the highlighter. :set background=light
These commands can either be run inside of vim by going into command mode and entering them.
or you can add them to your .vimrc file
Below are a couple of examples on how you can use dig. These are common examples and include queries such as mail exchange lookup, address record lookup, reverse dns lookup, etc.
you can always add the '+short' option at the end of any dig command to keep the output manageable:
eg dig www.example.com +short
Perform a Basic DNS Dig
This is simply going to tell us what the IP address is for the domain www.example.com. The output will be an IP address which will be something like 1.2.3.4.
dig www.example.com
Reverse DNS Dig
Perform a reverse DNS dig lookup. This will translate an IP address into its domain name. The output will be a domain name such as www.example.com.
dig -x 1.2.3.4
Dig MX Record Lookup
An MX (Mail Exchange) record tells us that the record is a domain name that is responsible for accepting email. The below command will tell us what domain name the mail record below is pointing as well as the priority of the mail records. . The output will be the domain name the record points to such as mail.example.com, which tells us that the mx record example.com resolves to mail.example.com.
dig -t MX example.com
Show the TXT or SPF records
dig example.com txt
Directly Query A DNS Server
By default the dns query will resolve off of your own dns server (which is usually the dns server of your ISP or local server), however we can manually specify the dns server we want to query by adding @ns1.example.com to the dns dig command.
dig @ns1.example.com www.somedomain.com
Directly Query the TXT records of a specific name server dig @ns1.example.com www.somedomain.com txt
Show the Name servers of a domain
Here's how to query for a list of nameservers for a given domain,
dig example.com ns
dig traceroute information
If you like the traceroute command, you can do something similar with dig to follow DNS nameservers, like this, using the dig example.com +trace
